Group 15 Elements: The Nitrogen Family
Nitrogen phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth are all members of Group 15. There is a transition from nonmetallic to metallic through metalloid property as we move down the group. Non-metals are nitrogen and phosphorus, metalloids are arsenic and antimony, and bismuth is a typical metal.
Electronic Configuration
The electrical configuration of these elements' valence shells is
Atomic and Ionic Radii
Radii of covalent and ionic (in a certain state) compounds grow in larger as they progress through the group. From N to P, the covalent radius increases dramatically. However, there is only a modest increase in covalent radius from As to Bi. This is owing to the presence of totally filled d and / or f orbitals in heavier members.
Ionisation Enthalpy
Due to the progressive rise in atomic size, the ionisation enthalpy drops down the group. The ionisation enthaply of group 15 elements is substantially greater than that of group 14 elements in the equivalent periods due to the extra stable half-filled p-orbital electronic configuration and smaller size. As expected, the order of consecutive ionisation enthalpies is
Electronegativity
With increasing atomic size, the electronegativity value generally drops down the group. However, the gap is less significant among the heavier elements.
Physical Properties
The p-Block Elements Short Handwritten Notes Pdf |
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